| 1. | Direct or indirect monetary policy instruments
直接或间接的货币政策工具 |
| 2. | Analysis on the effectiveness of monetary policy instruments in china
中国货币政策工具有效性分析 |
| 3. | Fifth , the gradual shift from direct to indirect monetary policy instruments has greatly improved transimission of monetary policy and effectiveness of macroeconomic management
第五，货币政策工具由直接到间接的逐渐改变，极大地改善了货币政策的传导效果和宏观经济管理效率。 |
| 4. | When applying the monetary policy instruments listed in the preceding paragraph to implement monetary policies , the people ' s bank of china may work out specific requirements and procedures
中国人民银行为执行货币政策，运用前款所列货币政策工具时，可以规定具体的条件和程序。 |
| 5. | This is broadly speaking the way in which changes in the monetary policy instrument , where these can be contemplated , bring about the macroeconomic effects that they are designed to produce
我们讨论货币政策时往往会提到它的传导机制。大体上来说，这是指调整货币政策工具以达致预期宏观经济效果的过程。 |
| 6. | We in the hkma have , since the beginning of 1990 , spent much effort in developing the debt market in hong kong , taking advantage of the need for the introduction of a monetary policy instrument to facilitate effective monetary management
由于有需要引入货币政策工具来进行有效的货币管理，金管局在1990年起已致力发展本港的债券市场。 |
| 7. | Where the monetary policy instrument is market - based , for example interest rate , or the price of money , rather than an administrative instrument , as in the case of credit control , the transmission mechanism involves the operation of market forces
若货币政策工具是属于市场为本的性质如利率，即资金成本，而不是行政主导如信贷控制，其传导机制便会牵涉市场力量发挥的作用。 |
| 8. | The conduct of monetary policy in developed market economies does have a high degree of similarity , but significant differences in their transmission mechanism still exist that justify different emphasis in the use of different monetary policy instruments
已发展的市场经济体系所推行的货币政策在很大程度上都相近，但政策的传导机制却存在很大差距，因此对不同货币政策工具都各有不同的偏重。 |
| 9. | This paper studies why of these effects instruments decrease and how to increase the effects . by using empirical analysis and comparative analysis as main research methods , this article expresses a systemic study on china ' s instruments of monetary policy in different periods . therefore , the conclusions are worthy in directing the practice of monetary policy instruments in china
本文通过运用实证分析和动态对比分析的方法，以定性分析为基础、以定量分析为研究手段，对我国不同时期的货币政策工具运用及其有效性进行深入研究，并在此基础上提出若干提高间接政策工具使用效率的政策建议。 |
